Controlling Energy: Part-4

We're discussing energy control, so before we continue, let's make a brief summary of the past three days:

We started with fire, continued with electricity, we learned how we met for the first time. We understood a little what energy is, we said that energy does not disappear, it is protected and transformed. We said industrial revolution, we said oil, we said industrial age and we talked about fossil fuel engines.

Electric and Electric Motors:

Now let's continue with some electricity and electric motors.

When the relationship between electricity and magnetism is resolved, developments occur on electric motors as well as fossil fuel motors.

This is actually a revolution again. It paved the way for electricity to enter our lives completely, except lighting. Both the dark nights have now been illuminated, and after the engines, electricity has become the basis for us to establish a completely different world in our lives, including the telegraph, computers, mobile phones, the internet, and now the use of social media in the modern world.

The first electric motor capable of turning machines was invented in 1832 by English scientist William Sturgeon. In 1837, the American inventor Thomas Davenport patented this engine and produced it for the first time.

However, the power of electric motors is quite low when compared to fossil fuel engines. To put it more accurately, powerful electric motors require very high electrical energy, and electrical energy cannot yet be stored in small volumes and sufficiently like fossil fuels. In fact, energy is stored, but electrical energy cannot be stored in any way. In other words, the most problematic aspect of electricity is the storage problem. This storage issue is a bit complicated anyway. We will discuss this issue in detail at the end of our article series. For now, let's move on to the use of electricity.

Electric Cars:

Nowadays, electric cars are starting to come into use gradually. But I still can't say that they have solved the battery problem completely. Although there have been developments in battery technology with new chemicals with the discoveries made in recent years, batteries with the desired comfort cannot be produced yet. The ones that can be produced are also very expensive. Batteries are the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy.

Although electric motor cars have some advantages over fossil fuel cars, electric cars are still in the technological development stage. The market and infrastructure are also not developed enough. That's why fossil fuel vehicles are still the favorite of mankind. A lot of scientists and many companies in all countries are working hard on the subject in order to do better. Even we are working on our favorite brand TOGG with the support of the state so that we can at least catch up with the technology in this regard.

Although it is still problematic to use in automobiles, electricity has already entered our lives both in our homes, on our streets and in factories, as we all know. People loved electricity.

So let's take a look at electricity generation. If it has entered our lives so much, how does it enter, how is electricity obtained, why is it so expensive?

While electric motors convert electrical energy into kinetic energy, with the reverse use of the same system, motion energy, that is, kinetic energy, can also be converted into electrical energy. In other words, it is not electrical energy with the correct definition, but actually electromagnetic energy.

Electricity Generation:

We call this reverse working system a dynamo instead of an electric motor, or a turbine because it rotates. By the way, we took both words from French again. It means that the French in their time were quite advanced in technology. Or they were culturally dominant and we were better off with the French. Today, America took the flag.

This simple system is the main principle of electricity generation in dams and everywhere else. No matter what you turn it with, the turbine arms you turn convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. In other words, it is possible to generate electrical energy from anything that moves with this method.

That's why I wonder why we don't take advantage of wave movements when we are surrounded by so many seas. In other countries, even small cities can be illuminated with wave energy.

To summarize, with the principle of conservation and transformation of energy, it is possible to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy, no matter what we can obtain. Since the energy is stored chemically in fossil fuels, we can obtain kinetic energy either directly by blasting or by first converting it to heat energy, and then it is possible to convert this kinetic energy into electrical energy for turbines.

Combined Systems:

Today, these principles are used together in the most technological systems. These are called combined systems.

Yes, I am talking about thermal and natural gas conversion power plants. In natural gas conversion plants, first stage electrical energy is produced from the natural gas burned in the gas turbine, then steam is produced using the heat from the gas turbine, and the steam turbine produces electrical energy as the second stage. There are power plants that use even the energy of the exhaust gas as the third stage. I built two natural gas conversion power plants in Moscow at the time, their construction is troublesome, but the system is not very difficult.

In thermal power plants, it is not possible to produce kinetic energy directly from coal by blasting like natural gas. Therefore, the first stage electricity generation cannot be done in thermal power plants as in natural gas conversion power plants. In terms of efficiency, natural gas conversion plants are more efficient. Thermal power plants can only convert heat energy into electrical energy with steam turbines.

These systems are called combined power generation and are known as combined heat and power systems.

The water used in steam production needs to be cooled and circulated. The boiling water that comes out can be given to a nearby city as heating water, or it is sometimes cooled by giant condensation chimneys. The cooled water on the return is circulated again and given to the system. Sometimes, if there is a river or lake nearby, hot water can be mixed and released there. I know of a lake whose surface does not freeze despite the freezing weather in Moscow in winter. It has its own habitat.

If it is possible to use hot water, of course, the preference should be in favor of using it. That's why central heating systems are used in all cities in Russia. The power plants are located close to the city and the pipes and hot water are used for heating in the heating systems of the buildings. Infrastructures built from the time of communism, but still in use. In fact, they have solved the system well, interconnected and economically. That's why buildings in all cities, with exceptions, have central heating.

For some reason, central heating is not that popular with us. The hot water that comes out is usually wasted.

Yes, let's put a comma here today too. Tomorrow we will go a little further on energy production and electricity.

Love and regards from Moscow