What is happening in Sudan? Why is Sudan splitting up?

It has been the fate of some countries, no matter how peaceful they have been, to disintegrate and disintegrate. Now, nobody should think that this is caused by the synergy of the country.  This is absolutely not the case. There is only one reason, and that is the result of the colonialist, expansionist, colonial African policies, polarization and the resulting disintegration. "Sudan" as a country is one of the most typical examples of divergence. First of all, Sudan is a critical geopolitical country where geography shapes foreign policy. It borders Egypt to the north, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Chad and Libya to the west, or rather terrorist-producing countries.  Is that all? It is one of the countries described by Admiral Thayer Mahan (1840-1914), known as the "Clausewitz of the seas", who theorized that "He who dominates the seas and the sea passages and straits dominates the whole world." (1) 

Sudan dominates the two critical gateways of maritime trade between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean, the Bab-ul-Mandeb and the Suez Canal, as well as the Red Sea. Countries wishing to rise to a dominant position in international world trade have aimed to gain direct dominance or privileges in the Suez Canal, Bab-ul-Mandeb Strait, as well as the Turkish Straits, Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Ceylon, Singapore, Ceylon Canal, Taiwan Canal, Korea Canal, Strait of Hormuz, Florida Strait and Yukaton Strait. As is well known, the world's seas can only be reached through sea passages and straits.  For this reason, regional actors, especially the EU(D), as well as the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Russian Federation (RF) have shown increased interest in the sea passages and straits.  In the global power projections for Sudan, Turkey's actions have attracted a lot of attention. The Republic of Turkey's acquisition of the right to use the critical Sevakin Island in the Red Sea for 99 years through an agreement with Sudan in 2017 is indicative of this new breakthrough. (2)

It is almost impossible to get rid of the colonialism of Great Britain, the country on which the sun does not set. As if to get rid of colonialism, the new organizational systematic offered to the colonies was the "Commonwealth" or in common usage the "British Commonwealth of Nations", which meant the sharing of common wealth. The Patriotic Poet Namik Kemal, who lived in England for a while, immortalized the functioning of the system by exemplifying the 'tides' of the seas as follows: 

"It may be said that at every rise of the ocean, the necessities of the world leave England; at its recession, all the wealth of the world is poured into the island."

Sudan gained its so-called independence on January 1, 1956, and experienced four civil wars in the 67 years of its so-called independence from the yoke of Britain. Each civil war brought with it disintegration, and the fourth civil war, which ended in 2010, resulted in the independence of South Sudan. On April 11, 2019, after the overthrow of Omar al-Bashir's regime, Sudan has been ruled by two people. One is Abdel Fattah al Burhan, the President of the Sovereignty Council and Commander of the Army, and the other is his deputy, Lieutenant General Mohamed Hamdan Daqlu, Commander of the "Rapid Support Forces". 

The "Rapid Support Forces", based on the "Janjaweed" militia in the civil war that broke out in 2003 in the Darfur region of western Sudan, played an important role in the popular revolution of 2018. In fact, the term "Rapid Support Forces" is a common name for a force in NATO. Outwardly, such a name was invented to legalize the illegal terrorist organization "Jan Javid". Internally, the illegal organization "Jan Javid" was officially structured as the "People's Army" and tried to be integrated into the regular army. But in the end, this organization is an illegal organization. If you scrape the mirror, what you find underneath is the terrorist organization of the past. It is just like the PYD/YPG "Syrian PeKaKaKaKa", which holds one third of the country in northern Syria. It is a separatist terrorist organization. 

It is not that easy to tame terrorist organizations and bring them into the system. Whether you call it a freedom fighter or whatever you want, it is a terrorist organization in terms of its organizational systematics. It is in the nature of terrorist organizations. First, to be a man of the cause and then to take sides. Didn't US President George Walker Bush, the son of US President George Walker Bush, say the same thing in his first public statement after the September 11, 2001 attacks? "Nothing will ever be the same again, you are either with us or you are not." This concept is the first and important opening of terrorism, and this is how President Bush, in a sense, paved the way for intervention or state terrorism under the guise of "fighting terrorism".  On September 11, 2001, the US suffered the worst terrorist attack in its history through the Al-Qaeda organization, which it used against the Russian Armed Forces in Afghanistan. And this is how the US declared war against terrorism, which it claimed originated in the Middle East. In this way, the US has found a way to intervene in the world with world public opinion behind it. The US has taken it even further, claiming that those who do not stand by it in the war against terrorism are collaborating with terrorists; in this context, it has intervened in Afghanistan and Iraq, and threatened Syria and Iran in the same context. Claiming that terrorism stems from the lack of human rights and democracy in this region, the US has also put the Greater Middle East Project on the agenda, which it believes will establish democracy in this region. (3) 

Condolezza Rice, who was the Secretary of State at the time, turned the name of the project into the "Broader Middle East and North Africa" (BMNA) project with 22 countries indicating that the borders would change. In other words, the US experienced the unbearable lightness of intervention by expanding the borders. 

The Sudanese Armed Forces and the Jawhid illegal organization that eventually overthrew al-Bashir are forces of two different systems. If the irregular forces cannot be structured within the "regular army" at the beginning, even if the war for freedom is won, there will be a reckoning one day, and in a very short time, which is what we see in Sudan today. More precisely, the current war in Sudan is driven by the desire for more 'power and might'. This situation in the central administration is reflected in the whole country. Instead of integrating power and power, it has been divided and divided, and today, power and power in Sudan has been divided into eight.  What does this mean?  It means a powder keg for Sudan with eight separate independent armies. On the other hand, the risk of the breakdown of the social contract and the possibility of racial and tribal wars and the country suddenly becoming divided again has evolved into an extremely risky situation.  

Yes, dear readers, once a society is infected with the terrorist virus, the "phenomenon of polarization" immediately follows. "With dramatic and spectacular actions, it brings to society a call to "take sides" that can be summarized as "are you for the cause or not?", "if you are not for the cause, you are my enemy", "if you are my enemy, you are my target", "if you are my target, you have no right to live". The primary aim of terrorism is to intimidate and subjugate society by making it live in constant fear. In other words, one of the most important goals of the illegal organization is to influence the masses to direct them towards the "cause" of the organization and to make them believe in the rightness of the "cause".  When we look at the atmosphere of the two elections we have experienced with these parameters, the situation is not at all different from this. As you are witnessing, these calls also prohibit people's right to be impartial. Mental and emotional innocence is destroyed, paving the way for the politicization and polarization of society through violence. (4) 

Polarization is the starting point of terror in society. With an increasing process, the society is being pulled towards trying to confront each other in a bloody-knife way.  Looking at Sudan, I can say that Turkey's first problem is to concentrate power in one hand, to integrate it, to embrace the society with each other. 

Bu varsayımı tüm yönleriyle irdeleyen Anafartalar Kahramanı Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı önderi Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın daha başlangıçta neden düzenli orduya geçilmesi için insan üstü çaba göstermesinin gerekçesi çok daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır. İllegal örgütleri daha en başlangıçta düzenli yapıya entegre etmek birincil ve hayati görevdir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa onun için Millî Mücadelenin ilk aşamasında işe buradan başlamıştır. Ulusal Halk Kurtuluş Savaşı ya da halk devrimi kazanılsa bile, düzensiz yasadışı güçler anayasal bir güç haline getirilemediği müddetçe örgütlenme felsefesi ve örgütler sistematiği illegal yapısından soyutlanamaz, sevgili okurlar.

Dipnotlar

(1) https://www.tuicakademi.org/deniz-hakimiyet-teorisi-ve-cin-halk-cumhuriyeti/Eerişim Tarihi 28.05.2023/

(2) Bercan Tutar, “İki generalin kudret tutkusu”, Sabah Gazetesi, 20 Nisan 2023: https://www.sabah.com.tr/yazarlar/bercan-tutar/2023/04/20/iki-generalin-kudret-tutkusu/Erişim Tarihi 28.05.2023/

(3) Shahabuddin Öztürk, 11 Eylül Saldırıları ve Afganistan Müdahalesi, Tez, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Uluslararası İlişkiler Anabilim Dalı, Konya, 2015, s.v

(4) Türkiye Barolar Birliği, Türkiye ve Terörizm, Rapor, Ankara, 2006, s.