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What does the French Revolution mean to us in today's world?

The French Revolution (1789-1799) is considered a catalyst that marked the beginning of a process that led to the acceleration of reform movements around the world.

I believe that it is the duty of every country's intellectuals to share the concerns of their country, to find solutions to its problems and to propose them, while acting solely out of patriotism and never submitting to any authority or individual, but rather pursuing only the truth.
In this sense, the well-known saying, ‘History is read backwards, but lived forwards,’ shows that we as a nation have not learned much from history. If we had learned the necessary lessons, we would not be drowning in the negative conditions we find ourselves in, but would instead focus on finding solutions and striving for our salvation.
Looking at the recent history of the world rather than our own, the French Revolution (1789-1799) is considered a catalyst that marked the beginning of a process that led to the acceleration of reform movements around the world. This movement, which began with a popular uprising, quickly turned into a revolution and, together with the French, into a transformation throughout the world. The events that erupted with the storming of the Bastille Prison resulted in the deaths of thousands of civilians and soldiers. Depending on the pendulum of the power struggle, first the Girondins and then the Montagnards (including Robespierre) were executed. The various conflicts between revolutionaries, their opponents, and different groups during the civil war resulted in the loss of approximately 150,000 French lives over the course of this 10-year period.
Two external factors played a significant role in the outbreak of the French Revolution: the first was the Age of Enlightenment, and the second was the political, financial, and intellectual impact of the American colonies' struggle for independence on France.
The French Revolution brought about the overthrow of the absolute monarchy in France, the establishment of a republic, and the Catholic Church being forced to undergo serious reforms. It marked a major turning point in European and world history by initiating the nationalist movement and the modern era.
When examining the process that led France to the revolution, I see that it contains many lessons that today's societies should learn. The situation of French society prior to the French Revolution can be summarised as follows:
*The economic and social rights of the vast majority of the people had been eroded beyond the limits of tolerance, with almost no right to strike and even the most basic leave rights being taken away from workers.
*Increasing taxes were imposed on the people working under harsh conditions. The demands of the oppressed classes were ignored and not met.
*Not only adults but also child labourers being forced to work under harsh conditions.
*The positive influence of certain democratic developments in other European countries such as Spain and England at that time on French intellectuals and the people, and the French people's demand to benefit from these positive developments.
*The arbitrary use of power by the ruling class and the bourgeoisie, and the transformation of the French state into a tool that collected money from the people as taxes and made it available for the unlimited use of the privileged classes in the country.
*While the bourgeoisie enjoyed unlimited privileges, the people were deprived of their most basic rights. For this reason, the slogan of the French Revolution was ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.’
*The positive influence of books written by many thinkers, particularly Montesquieu and Voltaire, on freedom and equality. These books were widely read by the masses and reflected their own concerns, so they quickly gained widespread acceptance.
Ultimately, this revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy in France and the establishment of a republic. The French Revolution is considered the event that ended the Modern Age and ushered in the Contemporary Age.
Meanwhile, the French Revolution also caused many political upheavals around the world. It forced state structures and humanity to change in a positive direction and became famous as a movement that inspired the oppressed to rise up and initiate change.
The results and effects of this revolution on today's world can be summarised as follows:
*It left a significant mark on history in Europe and France because France ceased to be a monarchy and became a republic governed by its people.
*Monarchies and empires were destroyed. Nationalism spread not only in Europe but throughout the world. 
As a result of the French Revolution, concepts such as nationalism, brotherhood, equality, freedom and human rights began to gain importance throughout the world.
*All peoples of the world became aware of ‘fundamental rights.’ The bourgeoisie began to lose power.
*Nationalism, one of the ideas that spread as a result of the French Revolution, had a negative impact on the Ottoman Empire, which was a multi-ethnic state. As a result of the spread of this ideology, non-Muslims in particular began to seek independence for the peoples of the Ottoman Empire's European territories.
*As a result of the uprisings initiated by the Albanians and Serbs, the Ottoman Empire began to shrink and lose territory and power.
 Approximately 150 years after the French Revolution, following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Turkey was established with great difficulty under the leadership of Atatürk after the War of Independence. Approximately 240 years have passed since the French Revolution. 
There are 193 countries in our world, and in these countries there are rulers who oppress their citizens. The end of those in power who oppress their people and do not listen to their voices is, as the French Revolution has taught us, not a desirable one.
We know that popular uprisings and rebellions always come from deep within and spread like waves. Sometimes a deep silence can suddenly take hold of an entire country. However, this is also the point that poses a risk to the existing order and must be closely monitored. At the same time, those in power may tend to ignore or be indifferent to the deep silence they have imposed on the people. Yet this silence is actually the harbinger of an erupting volcano! Therefore, those who hold sway over the country's direction after elections and/or those who come to power by boarding the ship of state and take control of the country's administration must be able to hear the voice of the silence in their country and keep a close pulse on the direction things are heading. Otherwise, when the volcano erupts, it may be too late, and the volcano may consume both the people and itself.

Araştırmacı Yazar Mustafa Orhan ACU
Research Author Mustafa Orhan ACU
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  • 07.08.2025
  • Time : 3 min
  • 760 Read

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